{"id":14013,"date":"2022-03-31T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-31T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/?p=14013"},"modified":"2022-04-01T15:18:50","modified_gmt":"2022-04-01T12:18:50","slug":"pistachio-shoot-hole-borer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/pistachio-shoot-hole-borer\/","title":{"rendered":"Pistachio Shoot-hole borer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scientific name: <em>Thyrsostomaguerini<\/em><br>Family: <em>Heliodinidae<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a small, yellowish moth 4-5 mm long with a wingspan of 12-14 mm. When seated, its body forms a characteristic 35<sup>o <\/sup>angle with the sitting surface. It overwinters either as an egg or as larva (6 mm long worm, yellowish with a brown head) near or in the buds located at the tip of shoots. As soon as sprouting begins, worms become active damaging the tips of young shoots and clusters, where they bore tunnels and pupate (either in the tunnels or in cocoons made from plant tissue that larvae fold along the long side and fix also at 35<sup>o<\/sup> angle with the fixing surface.) Adult moths emerge from mid-May to mid-June and lay their eggs on the young pistachios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First-generation larvae attack young shoots or enter between still-tender pistachio shells and feed on them. In pistachios that are blackened by fungus, the larvae die, but in the non-infected nuts, larvae keep feeding on them and turn into mature insects which again lay eggs on healthy pistachios. Second-generation larvae can no longer invade the pistachios because of the hardened shells. Instead, they feed on the green pistachio hull where they also make cocoons from which they will emerge as new mature moths for three more generations that all feed on the hull.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>ORGANIC<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Treatment with <em>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/em> formulations that target <em>Lepidoptera<\/em> caterpillars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>CHEMICAL<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>As soon as the nut appears, (from mid-April), spraying with suitable pesticides. Repeat spraying every week for four weeks and until nutshell hardening. For more targeted application, monitoring adult emergence from infected shoots or nuts by enclosing them in fine muslin is recommended.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped has-lightbox wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-01.jpg\" alt=\"\u0396\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf.\" data-id=\"9655\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-01.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-v2-01\/\" class=\"wp-image-9655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-01.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-01-300x197.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Damage caused by the shoot-hole borer moth near the pistachio nut base<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-02.jpg\" alt=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03b7 \" data-id=\"9657\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-02.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-v2-02\/\" class=\"wp-image-9657\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-02.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-02-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-V2-02-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">A young moth larva inside the damaged nut<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-03.jpg\" alt=\"\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03af \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae.\" data-id=\"9616\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-03.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-03\/\" class=\"wp-image-9616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-03.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-03-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-03-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Pistachios damaged by the shoot-hold borer moth. The lesion is noted at the base of the nut, as opposed to the damage caused by the seed wasp, which occurs at the tip.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-04.jpg\" alt=\"\u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 35\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf.\" data-id=\"9617\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-04.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-04\/\" class=\"wp-image-9617\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-04.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-04-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-04-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">A shoot-hole borer cocoon, with the typical 35\u00b0 angle, from which a mature insect has emerged<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-05.jpg\" alt=\"\u039d\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c9\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.\" data-id=\"9618\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-05.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-05\/\" class=\"wp-image-9618\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-05.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-05-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-05-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">A shoot-hold borer nymph inside a damaged nut which will mature into an insect and lay more eggs on the more mature nuts<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"424\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-06.jpg\" alt=\"\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.\" data-id=\"9619\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-06.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-06\/\" class=\"wp-image-9619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-06.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-06-300x182.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Moth larva feeding inside a nut on a young cluster<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"458\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-07.jpg\" alt=\"\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd.\" data-id=\"9620\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-07.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-07\/\" class=\"wp-image-9620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-07.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-07-300x196.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Shoot-hole borer larva overwintering inside a mummified pistachio<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"701\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-08.jpg\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5.\" data-id=\"9621\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-08.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-08\/\" class=\"wp-image-9621\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-08.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-08-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-08-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mature shoot-hole borer moth<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-09.jpg\" alt=\"\u0396\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03af\u03b1.\" data-id=\"9622\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-09.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/blog-skoros-web-09\/\" class=\"wp-image-9622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-09.jpg 700w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-09-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aeginapages.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/BLOG-SKOROS-WEB-09-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Damage caused by the shoot-hole borer moth to a young pistachio cluster<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Athanasia Chatziperi, Agronomist, Attica Region<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientific name: ThyrsostomagueriniFamily: Heliodinidae This is a small, yellowish moth 4-5 mm long with a wingspan of 12-14 mm. When seated, its body forms a characteristic 35o angle with the sitting surface. It overwinters either as an egg or as larva (6 mm long worm, yellowish with a brown head) near or in the buds [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9671,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1862],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pistachio-tree"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u03a6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac - \u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03af. \u03a3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 | AeginaPages<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Blog \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 AeginaPages \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2. \u03a3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac. | AeginaPages\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u03a6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac - 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